New York Times columnist Jamelle Bouie is at the forefront of the national conversation on police violence and racism. On this episode, he tells us what we might actually do about it.

Gema Kloppe-Santamaría, a sociologist and historian of Latin America, studies the long and painful arc of extralegal violence in the region — from vigilante justice to the dirty wars and the drug wars. And, she says, the United States should play a role in solving the regional problems it has helped create.